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Asthma affects 12.5% of Colombians. The most common type is allergic asthma, and its manifestations can be mild, moderate or severe. According to the Ministry of Health and Protection, 8 out of 10 Colombians suffer from this disease.
The disease is chronic and can occur at any age. It is characterized by inflammation of the breathing tubes that carry air in and out of the lungs, making it difficult to breathe in and out naturally.
Allergic asthma can occur due to environmental exposure to mold, moisture, mites, dust, and tobacco leaves. Upon contact with these elements, respiratory symptoms appear that interfere with normal breathing.
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According to the Mayo Clinic, An allergic reaction occurs when antibodies are present in the immune system. they mistake a harmless substance such as tree pollen for an invader. Antibodies that protect the body from the substance bind to the allergen.
Chemicals released by the immune system cause signs and symptoms of allergies such as nasal congestion, runny nose, puffy eyes, and skin reactions. In some cases, allergic asthma affects the lungs and airways, resulting in asthma symptoms.
The link between asthma and allergies
Allergies and asthma often coexist. Even people those with a genetic tendency to develop skin or food allergies are more likely to develop allergic asthma.
People with allergic asthma may develop other conditions such as eczema, hives, atopic dermatitis, nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis, or food allergies.
Rhinitis, for example, affects most asthma patients. 75% among those with allergic asthma, with a prevalence of 15 to 40%.
To all this, the normalization of symptoms in patients is added. In many cases, they ignore the symptoms and do not seek medical attention. In fact, it is estimated that between 70% and 79% of adults over 40 with asthma do not know they have it. and only 28% control the disease adequately.
For this reason, the biopharmaceutical company GSK recommends that Colombians who experience respiratory symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and difficulty breathing should see a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Other tips for avoiding risk factors: Keep your space free of dust, mites, and pets. Avoid smoking and exposure to smoke. Reduce outdoor activity during high pollution hours. See a nutritionist for nutritional advice. Reduce the use of harsh chemicals or overly scented products in your home.